What do we call a collection of outcomes that happens infrequently in research contexts?

The term "Rare Events" is used to describe a collection of outcomes that occur infrequently within various research contexts. This concept is essential in fields such as statistics and probability, where understanding the nature of rare occurrences can provide insights into trends, risks, or exceptional cases in data.

Rare events are significant because they can have a substantial impact on overall results, despite their low occurrence rate. For example, in medical research, a rare side effect might not show up in a small sample size but could be critical when considering larger populations. Recognizing and analyzing rare events can help researchers understand anomalies and improve their studies' reliability and conclusions.

Other terms like patterns, variables, or statistics do not specifically capture the essence of infrequent outcomes. Patterns refer to consistent and predictable arrangements, variables are elements that can change within a study, and statistics involve the collection and interpretation of data rather than focusing specifically on rare occurrences. Thus, "Rare Events" accurately encapsulates the idea of infrequent outcomes in research.